Utilization of Robotics for Healthcare: A Scoping Review

Robotics is a disruptive technology that has already revolutionized patient healthcare globally. This technology is presently helping to perform various essential tasks such as conducting operations via numerous specializations and managing the entire operating room. Robot surgery is, in reality, available worldwide for knee substitution, correction of the hernia, and colon resection. Surgical robots entered the operating theatres far before entering other medicine-related robotics applications and now facilitate better outcomes for a whole range of healthcare products. In the COVID-19 pandemic, some robots were used in hospitals to deliver medicines, screen, perform odd jobs, and maintain hygienic conditions. This paper provides an overview about robotics and its various applications useful for healthcare. Significant enhancement, quality services, and advancements in healthcare services are also discussed. Here, we have identified the role of robotics in healthcare as a technology that dramatically changes the healthcare field. An artificial intelligence robot can duplicate creativity via algorithms, and its programming too plays a crucial role. Hospitals can now save time and money by removing the need for physical chores for different jobs. It is helpful for surgical training, exoskeletons, intelligent prostheses and bionics, robotic nurses, treatment, medicines, logistics, telepresence, and cleaning services. Robotics technologies such as gesture control, machine view, voice recognition, and touch sensor technology are also available. The future is bright with lower installation and maintenance costs.

Understanding the role and capabilities of Internet of Things-enabled Additive Manufacturing through its applications

The purpose of this paper is to highlight the importance of the effective utilisation of internet-based technologies in additive manufacturing (AM) through its practical implications in various application areas. The key technologies that comprise the Industry 4.0 paradigm and previously implemented into the AM process possess immense potential to bring about miraculous manufacturing changes. The ongoing pandemic situation, too, has pushed the industries into the deployment of advanced technologies to deal effectively with the major challenges that followed COVID-19 and to keep up with customers' expectancies and. Therefore, manufacturing industries need to adopt the latest internet-based technologies into AM, especially for lean and optimised manufacturing and perceived proficiency of advanced printing technologies. This paper identifies goals of sustainable manufacturing that can be accomplished as a result of automation in 3D printing technology. Also, since the Internet of Things-enabled AM process is an entirely new concept, limited sources are available in this field. Pubmed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases are used to conduct literature reviews. The study obtained the most up-to-date information on Internet of Things-enabled AM and analysed it to identify prospective application areas. Thus, advanced AM helps produce sustainable solutions for humanity and can meet customers' demands in the stipulated period, thereby contributing to mass personalisation, which is the ultimate goal of Industry 4.0.

Advancements in Biosensor Technologies for Medical Field and COVID-19 Pandemic

World health organization (WHO) has declared the COVID-19 outbreak as a public health emergency of international concern and then as a pandemic on 30th of January and 11th of March 2020, respectively. After such concern, the world scientific communities have rushed to search for solutions to bring down the disease’s spread, fast-paced vaccine development, and associated medical research using modern technologies. Biosensor technologies play a crucial role in diagnosing various medical diseases, including COVID-19. The present paper describes the major advancement of biosensor-based technological solutions for medical diagnosis, including COVID-19. This review-based work covers the biosensors and their working principles in the context of medical applications. The paper also discusses different biosensors and their applications to tackle medical issues, including this ongoing pandemic.

Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on particulate matter (PM) concentration and harmful gaseous components on Indian metros

The COVID-19 pandemic has created a heartbreaking situation across the globe. It is affecting the human population both in terms of health issues and food safety concerns. Most of the countries are struggling to save their economies during the lock-down conditions. The fight against the COVID-19 is very tough;either one can save the economy or save his country's human population. It seems COVID-19 have all the negative impact across the world. However, there is also some positive impact of this pandemic, where we observe much reduced environmental pollution. There has been significant improvement in the air quality at almost all the places where lock-down is implemented. Air pollution directly affects our health and hence the quality of life. In India, air quality has improved much beyond our expectations during the lock-down. This paper studies the positive impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on air pollution in major Indian cities. In the air quality rating, the paper considers types of air pollutants like Particulate Matters and Gaseous Components as benchmarks. Authors have also used available literature to study the ongoing pollution measurements, impact, and change over time. The study analysed available air quality data of four metros, i.e., Delhi, Kolkata, Mumbai, and Chennai, over the four months (National Lockdown). Two particulate matters (PM-2.5 and PM-10) pollution levels are compared with last year's values to identify the significant variations. Moreover, Gaseous components are used to analyse their impact on the country's human health and food ecosystem. The study analyses the effect of COVID-19 on air pollution, and the general recommendations are given. Paper identifies that there is a very good or positive impact of closing polluting units and vehicular movements.

Face masks are new normal after COVID-19 pandemic.

Coronaviruses are a large family of viruses that may cause illness in humans as well as in animals. In humans, coronaviruses cause respiratory infections ranging from the common cold to more severe diseases such as the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS). To combat this disease; various Nations have adopted many strategies across the globe. The present paper discuss the role and status of various countries related to wearing of masks by the public, as a crucial measure to minimize the spared of virus. Almost all the countries across the globe have favor the use of masks in public with several other measures. Thus, the use of masks in public is an important health measure and new normal after COVID-19 pandemic.

Make-over in the sustainable working platform during COVID-19 pandemic

Civilizations have witnessed a long list of diseases that have made a devastating impact on humankind's working in almost all aspects of life. At the start, COVID-19 bought the world to a standstill. Today lakhs have lost their lives, many are still struggling on the death bed, and large numbers have lost their jobs. The world's conventional education system seems to come to a halt with the physical closure of all schools and institutions. Understanding the losses that occurred due to several diseases, the present world has to prepare a backup strategy to reduce the economic and human losses. The paper aims to identify the measures required for minimizing the losses caused by COVID-19 to human evolution. Further, this study proposes a working mechanism for several affected sectors during the disease. The paper also discusses the current challenges from the COVID-19 pandemic crisis and possible make-over in the working platform. With the help of this sustainable working platform, the affected sectors from COVID-19 can be helped. Further, we can reset specific sectors and sustainably reshape the world.